History of Mangla Dam Raising Project:

Background:

	View of Mangla Reservoir

Consequent upon the Indus basin water treaty between Pakistan and India Mangla Dam was constructed in 1967, to make up the loss of river discharge due to transfer of the eastern rivers to India. As such the primary objective of the project was to create water storage to meet the irrigation water demand of irrigated area commanded by these rivers whose waters management was entrusted to India under the treaty.
Mangla Dam reservoir, at the time of its construction, had a gross storage capacity of 5.88 million acre feet, and an affected area of 69206 acres of Azad Jammu and Kashmir in addition to the built up property.



Raising of Dam:
        The most viable option.

	View of main spillway

The planners and designers were fully aware of the siltation problem from the very onset and made a provision for 40 ft raising in the original design of construction of Mangla Dam Project. In fact, an amount f 18 million US dollars, was spent at the time of original construction to keep provision in foundations of the Dam, dykes and other ancillary structures for 40ft future raising. In view of enormous sedimentation of the Dam, studies were carried out to examine the various options of raising ranging from 10ft to 40ft. besides, other options/alternatives to raising such as desolation, construction of small storages reservoirs and construction of protection dykes were also evaluated. These studies have indicated that raising of Dam is the most viable proposition. The studies have further brought out that raising of the Dam by 39ft and 40ft is technically & economically viable. However, the incremental benefits of raising the Dam from 30ft to 40ft are relatively small against substantial cost and displacement of population.


The Proposal:

	Location Map of Four Towns

In view of these considerations a final decision in favor of 30ft raising has been made. The proposal raising of the dam would increase the storage capacity by 2.9 million acre feet and average annual energy output is estimated to increase by 772 GWH which is 14% of the present energy yields from Mangla. Mangla Dam raising project would affect about 8023 households and an area of 15783 acres will be submerged in water. Keeping in view the second time displacement of the people, a liberal and highly attractive compensation package has been offered to the affectees.


Compensation package:

	Prospective View of Hospitals

An attractive compensation resettlement package was approved according to which the owners of land & built up property would be adequately compensated. For the resettlement of the affectees on New City and four towns with modern facilities and infrastructure of high standard shall be developed in the vicinity of their existing abode. The shortcomings observed in the vicinity of their existing abode. The shortcomings observed in the resettlement package of Mangla Dam contract agreement between Government of Pakistan and the Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir in 1967, were thus fully removed in the latest agreement.